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What After X |
An academic discipline is a branch of knowledge which is formally taught, either at the university, or through some other such method. Functionally, disciplines are divided into 3 educational streams namely - Arts, Commerce and Science. These are available after class X for students who wish to continue with their formal education. However diploma and other vocational courses are also available for those who may not want to continue with Std XII.
It is recommended that even if a vocational course is pursued after Std X, the student should appear externally for the Std XII exam. A student needs to be aware of the choices he makes in terms of subject selection, so as to keep his/her avenues open in future. Streams should be chosen keeping in mind personal aptitude, interests and career opportunity in future.
Click on the relevant stream below to find out more details on a perticular stream
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Arts |
Arts, a broad subdivision of culture encompasses visual arts, performing arts, language arts, culinary arts, and physical arts.
Visual Arts
Visual art is the art form that focuses on the creation of works which are primarily visual in nature, such as painting, photography, printmaking, filmmaking, etc. Those that involve three-dimensional objects, such as sculpture and architecture, are called plastic arts. Many artistic disciplines (performing arts, language arts, textile arts, and culinary arts) involve aspects of the visual arts.
Performing Arts
 Performing art is the form of art which differ from the plastic arts in a manner that, the former uses the artists own body, face and presence as a medium, and the latter uses materials such as clay, metal or paint which can be molded or transformed to create some physical art object. Performing arts include the acrobatics, comedy, dance, magic, music, opera, film, theatre, and circus arts.
Language Arts
 Language arts refers to the skills, including reading, composition, speech, spelling, and dramatics, taught in elementary and secondary schools to give students a thorough proficiency in using the language. Language arts is the subject (reading, literature, and composition) that aims at developing comprehension and capacity for the use of written and oral language. Through the study of language arts, word choice in communication becomes more descriptive. The five strands of the Language arts are reading, composition, speaking, spelling, and dramatics.
Culinary Arts
 Culinary art is the art of cooking. The word "culinary" is defined as something related to, or connected with, cooking or kitchens. A culinarian is a person working in the culinary arts. A culinarian working in restaurants is commonly known as a cook or a chef. Culinary artists are responsible for skillfully preparing meals that are as pleasing to the palate as to the eye.
Increasingly they are required to have knowledge of the science of food and an understanding of diet and nutrition. They work primarily in restaurants, fast food chain store franchises, delicatessens, hospitals and other institutions and corporations.
| The following Disciplines are normally included under the area of Arts: |
- Architecture
- Art & Visual arts
- Crafts
- Culinary art
- Dance
- Decorative art
- Design
- Drawing
- Fashion
- Film
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- Language
- Literature
- Music
- Opera
- Painting
- Photography
- Poetry
- Sculpture
- Theatre & Performing arts
- Video
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Education in Arts
Some of the Common subjects that one interacts in this field are English, Economics, Psychology, Philosophy, Logic, Statistics, Other languages, Sociology, Political Science, etc. This would lead to a Bachelor's degree (BA) in any subject of your choice. For example:
Career options in Arts:
Click here to search Institutes in Arts
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Commerce |
 Commerce is the purchasing or selling of goods or services and the transfer of funds in a business activity. A course in commerce will involve subjects like Economics, Accountancy, Book-Keeping, Secretarial Practice, Mathematics, Commerce, etc.
For a career in commerce, students are required to pursue B.Com, or a degree in Management (BBA or BMS). Students who wish to choose commerce as subject stream should involve themselves & also have interest in subjects like Economics, Accountancy, Finance, Book keeping, Secretarial practice, Business mathematics, Commerce, etc.
Commerce as a subject as a matter of fact has been gaining fast gaining popularity as a career choice in India.
Simple reason for this being ample career opportunities unbundle for commerce graduates in a growing economy like India where the share of services sector to the country's GDP is substantial.
One of the most common career options available to commerce students is to opt B.Com and M.Com and thereafter work as Accountants. Knowledge of commerce subjects also provides an edge to the students interested in making their career in Insurance, stock market and Investment Banking sectors. The more ambitious ones can opt to become Chartered Accountants, Cost and Work Accountants and Company Secretary
Below listed courses that can be started along with the Bachelor's program:
Career options in Commerce:
Click here to search Institutes in Commerce
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Science |
Science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge. This system uses observation and experimentation to describe and explain natural phenomena. The purpose of science is to produce useful models that would help us in our lives. Science can be classified as:
Natural Sciences
 In science, the term Natural Science refers to a rational approach to the study of the universe, which is understood as obeying rules or law of natural origin.
The term natural science is also used to distinguish those fields that use the scientific method to study nature from the social sciences, which use the scientific method to study human behavior and society; and from the formal sciences, such as mathematics and logic, which use a different methodology.
The various Disciplines that are covered under Natural Sciences are:
- Chemistry
- Physics
- Space sciences
- Earth sciences
- Environmental sciences
- Life Sciences
Space Sciences
 Space Science is an all-encompassing term that describes most of all the various science fields that are concerned with the study of the Universe, generally also meaning "excluding the Earth" and "outside of the Earth's atmosphere".
There are eight overall categories that can generally be described on their own; Astrophysics, Galactic Science, Stellar Science, non-Earth Planetary Science, Biology of Other Planets, Astronautics/Space Travel, Space Colonization and Space Defense.
The various Disciplines that are covered under Space Science are:
Click here for Careers | Courses | Institutes related to Science.
Earth Sciences
 Earth science (also known as geoscience) is an all-embracing term for the sciences related to the planet Earth. It is arguably a special case in planetary science, the Earth being the only known life-bearing planet. There are both reductionist and holistic approaches to Earth science. There are four major disciplines in earth sciences, namely geography, geology, geophysics and geodesy.
The various Disciplines that are covered under Earth Sciences are:
Environmental Sciences
 Environmental science is the study of interactions among physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment. Environmental Science provides an integrated, quantitative, and interdisciplinary approach to the study of environmental systems.
Environmental science encompasses issues such as climate change, conservation, biodiversity, water quality, groundwater contamination, soil contamination, use of natural resources, waste management, sustainable development, disaster reduction, air pollution, and noise pollution.
Life Sciences
 Life Sciences participates in medical, plant and industrial biotechnology opportunities. Specifically, these relate to biopharmaceuticals, molecular diagnostics and genetics, cell-based therapies, plant tissue culture, plant metabolic engineering, biofuels, biopolymers, biochemicals, clinical research services and contract manufacturing.
Formal sciences
 A formal science is a theoretical study that is concerned with theoretical formal systems, for instance, logic, mathematics, systems theory and the theoretical branches of computer science, information theory, and statistics.
Applied sciences
 Applied science is the application of knowledge from one or more natural scientific fields to solve practical problems. Fields of engineering are applied sciences. Applied science is important for technology development. Its use in industrial settings is usually referred to as research and development (R&D).
Some Important Pointers
A student opting for a career in the field of Science may select certain subjects which determine his / her choice of career. Physics, Chemistry, English are compulsory subjects for students. They can choose to opt for Biology or Mathematics, or may like to continue with both depending on their interests.
For Students opting for Mathematics along with Physics & Chemistry in XII, all careers in Computers as well as all fields of Engineering are available.
Students opting for Biology along with Physics & Chemistry in XII, can continue to complete a B.Sc - (in subjects like Physics, Zoology, Botany, Microbiology, Chemistry, Environmental Science, Bio technology, etc), or take up courses under the Medical Field (Medicine, Dentistry, etc).
Click here to search Institutes in Science
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Diploma options |
Major cities in India recognize diploma courses offered by institutes. Some of the courses have become popular, one has to give entrance examination before joining them. Industries see immense value for diploma course simply because of the seriousness and comprehensiveness of these courses like Business Management, Catering, Airlines, fashion designing, Fine Arts, Computer management. There are also traditional courses like astrology, palmistry, languages and yoga, they have become more organised and are attracting students.
Some courses can be studied through distance learning or correspondence. The teaching tools can be used for online education also. Many courses are taught this way all over the world and in India too they have gained acceptance. The fact that people are pursuing these diploma courses means that there is a constant need to become more knowledgeable through studies.
Diploma courses are also available at advanced level in some institutes. Subjects which have gained specialized value with prospects of employability in recent times are also covered by some diploma courses. For example, you can enroll into diploma courses in subjects like School Management, Mushroom Technology, Primary Education, HIV and Family Education, Horticulture Nursery Management and Energy Management Technology etc.
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